National Network for Child Care's Connections
Newsletter
Joseph W. Pankau, Ph.D., R.N.
Health Education Specialist
Human Development and Family Studies
Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service
Copyright/Access Information
As the heat of summer settles around us, it is important to avoid
overexposure to the sun and heat. Because of their less mature
bodies, children are especially sensitive to the effects of the
heat. Here are some tips for keeping cool this summer.
With reasonable precautions, you and the children will probably
withstand the heat fairly well. But it is also important to be
alert for the warning signs of heatstroke and heat exhaustion.
Heatstroke, which can be fatal, comes on rather suddenly. Warning
signs include headache, weakness, and sudden loss of consciousness.
Victims of heatstroke usually don't sweat much. Their pulses are
very rapid and their skin is hot and dry. They also have extremely
high body temperatures.
Heatstroke victims should be cooled off as quickly as possible
by wrapping or immersing them in ice or cold water. After taking
these emergency measures, take victims to the hospital immediately.
Heat exhaustion is a less serious but much more common condition.
Warning signs include excessive urination, gradual weakness, nausea,
anxiety or agitation, and excessive sweating. Unlike heatstroke,
heat exhaustion causes pale, clammy skin, and a weak, slow pulse.
Victims of heat exhaustion often feel faint or disoriented.
The best thing to do for victims of heat exhaustion is to have
them take it easy for a while. Find them a shady spot or an air-conditioned
building to sit or lie down in. Give them a few ounces of cool
water every few minutes.
Heat cramps may also accompany heat exhaustion. They occur because
the body has lost salt through heavy sweating. Typically, heat
cramps occur first in the hands and feet. Water or foods that
contain salt will usually relieve heat cramps quickly.
High humidity, overexertion, poor ventilation, and heavy clothing
can all contribute to heat-related illness. Dehydration, diarrhea,
age, and chronic illness can also make individuals more susceptible
to these conditions. As you approach a summer of "fun in
the sun," be sure to protect the children and yourself from
the effects of the heat.